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Very few studies of free blacks have attempted to interpret the actions and events affecting them from their own perspectives. At the same time. the search for understanding the antebellum black experience in the South usually has centered on slaves. In Free Blacks in Norfolk, Virginia, 1790-1860, Tommy L. Bogger portrays lives somewhere between slavery and freedom.
A free black community of skilled artisans and semi-skilled laborers emerged in Norfolk around 1800. Some free blacks earned the respect of leading white businessmen, and many enjoyed easy access to credit and steady employment. They showed no hesitation in suing recalcitrant debtors -- black or white -- and until 1805 they could count on the cooperation of court officials in helping them to collect. But from then on. free blacks experienced a steady decline in status that continued throughout the antebellum period. Legal restraints were placed on them at the same time that Norfolk's economy stagnated. and white immigrants arriving in the 1830s entered fields once monopolized by blacks. By the 1850s the free black community was sunk in hopelessness and despair.
Free Blacks in Norfolk, Virginia, 1790-1860 discusses the active roles that blacks played in creating their community, contradicting prevalent images of free blacks at the mercy of whites. While previous studies of Virginia's free blacks have focused on Richmond or Petersburg, developments in Norfolk's free black community also merit analysis. Norfolk also offers the advantage of a population large enough to provide a reliable data base yet small enough to preserve the stories of individual lives. Those interested in African-American history, Virginia history, orthe South in general will find this book a valuable new resource.
- Sales Rank: #3639119 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Bibliographical Society of University of Virg
- Published on: 1997-02
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 1.09" h x 6.32" w x 9.32" l, 1.90 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 254 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Most helpful customer reviews
4 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
Second Time Around
By R. DelParto
Just when you think a topic is not worth pursuing, a little light bulb comes on that pushes one to take the next step. Free Blacks in Norfolk Virginia 1790-1860: The Darker Side of Freedom examines social history with respect to free slaves. Tommy L. Bogger offers a different kind of scholarship, which involves manumission, slaves paying their way to freedom. Bogger continues research on the issue of post-slavery before the Civil War that scholars neglected in the past. As the subtitle states, "The Darker Side of Freedom", is indeed a true fallacy that Bogger emphasizes throughout the book that involves remnants of enslavement and the lack of opportunity that remained prevalent for those who attempted to live and financially prosper in the city of Norfolk. Literally, they lived in the "shadows" from their white neighbors despite the fact that they were skilled and educated workers. Bogger goes through the evolution of change for Blacks in Norfolk from vibrant optimism to a sense of letdown. For the most part, they too experienced the economic woes that occurred in the city and the influx of European immigrants arriving in the United States who wanted to start a new life as well. Ironically, this dilemma eventually led them to flee the North or further to the South to pursue a better life where they could build and actively participate in communities of their own, which would also contribute to American society as a whole.
The concluding chapters presents much insight to the dwindling situation that Blacks experienced during the nineteenth century. Bogger shows how death and disillusionment took a toll amongst Blacks, and to add to their uncompromising situations, the Yellow Fever epidemic in 1855 occurred, which left thousands dead. However, what is so surprising is that less Blacks died from the disease because their access to free vaccinations.
Overall, Free Blacks in Norfolk is well researched and documented. Bogger takes much of his accounts from unbiased court documents, but it would have been more helpful if there were more authentic voices within his narrative.
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